Wolfgang Lilleby1 and Sophie D. Fosså1
(1) Department of Medical Oncology and Radiotherapy, The Norwegian Radium University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
Received: 15 November 2004 Accepted: 15 November 2004 Published online: 22 February 2005
Abstract Currently, there is no standard treatment for patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) who do not respond to or progress after transient remission to first-line immunotherapy. At the end of the 1990s, no single chemotherapeutic drug, alone or in combination with interleukin-2 (IL-2) or interferon-alfa (IFN), had shown activity beyond the one expected by immunotherapy alone. New drugs on the market such as the pyrimidine analog gemcitabine or taxane-based chemotherapeutics may show promising tumor activity in combination with targeted therapy, but this has to be substantiated in upcoming trials. There is a great need to develop effective systemic therapy for advanced MRCC and to evaluate the efficacy of new drugs in clinical trials.
Keywords Chemotherapy - Renal cell cancer - Cytokines - Drug resistance
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